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FLORIVAL COSTA JUNIOR
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ASSESSMENT OF SALIVARY FLOW AND COMPOSITION IN SUBJECTS WITH COVID-19-INDUCED TASTE AND SMELL DYSFUNCTIONS TREATED WITH PHOTOBIOMODULATION
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Leader : CLARA MONICA FIGUEREDO DE LIMA
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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EDUARDO MARTINEZ MARTINEZ
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CAROLINA CINCURÁ BARRETO
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CLARA MONICA FIGUEREDO DE LIMA
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EZEQUIEL BATISTA DO NASCIMENTO
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Data: 5 mars 2024
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Afficher le Résumé
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Introduction: Saliva is a glandular fluid with specific physical and chemical properties that coats the mouth cavity. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to various SARS-CoV-2-related effects, including sensory sequelae. Studying the salivary parameters of patients with these sequelae treated with photobiomodulation is crucial for improving treatment approaches for this highly contagious virus which spreads through salivary droplets. Objective: This study aimed to assess the salivary parameters of individuals with COVID-19-induced taste and smell dysfunctions treated with photobiomodulation. Method: A pilot clinical study was conducted with blinded participants diagnosed with COVID-19 and experiencing taste and smell dysfunctions for more than 30 days. They were randomly allocated to different groups. The study evaluated taste and smell functions using established indices, measured salivary parameters, and administered weekly sessions of low-power laser treatment for five weeks. Results: Data analysis revealed an average participant age of 36 years, with a higher prevalence of female participants. Taste and smell results were expressed as mean ± mean standard error. Pre-treatment salivary parameters showed no significant differences between groups. Following photobiomodulatio therapy, no significant differences were observed, except for a positive effect on salivary flow in the treated group. Conclusion: In COVID-19 patients, saliva was not associated with taste and smell dysfunctions. Additionally, photobiomodulation treatment did not affect salivary flow, pH, or buffering capacity. Therefore, while this study suggests photobiomodulation as a safe treatment option, further research is needed to determine its effectiveness in improving taste and smell functions.
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2
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HERMINIO ASEVEDO NETO
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EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF LEPROSY, OCCURRENCE OF PHYSICAL DISABILITIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE EXPRESSION OF THE NEURON-SPECIFIC ENZYME ENOLASE
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Leader : SEBASTIAO RODRIGO FERREIRA
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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MÁRCIO BEZERRA SANTOS
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Ana Laura Grossi de Oliveira
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GRASIELY FACCIN BORGES
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SEBASTIAO RODRIGO FERREIRA
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Data: 26 mars 2024
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Afficher le Résumé
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Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease configured as an important current public health problem, endemic inall continents and with greater expression in tropical areas. The Brazil occupies second place in the ranking of countries with the highest absolute number of cases, with greater notification of cases in the Northeast states and the distribution of the disease in the territory is heterogeneous. The municipality of Teixeira de Freitas has an average rate of 32 new cases per year and the general detection rate reveals that this is also an endemic territory, which raises specific considerations from a clinical and epidemiological point of view. In view of this, the present research aimed to identify the epidemiological profile and spatial distribution of leprosy in the municipality of Teixeira de Freitas, and to analyze the relation of neurological damage and physical disabilities resulting from the disease and its relationship with the protein expression neuronspecific enolase (NSE) at the serum and saliva of patients at the end of treatment. The approaches to achieving the objectives were a retrospective epidemiological survey based on secondary data recorded in the medical records available at the Teixeira de Freitas Testing and Counseling Center (CTA); and a crosssectional exploratory study, including 21 patients diagnosed with leprosy treated at the city's CTA from August 2023 to November 2023. In the NSE expression study, patients whose leprosy treatment had been completed more than 1 year ago were included. year and excluded those with neurodegenerative diseases. The abilities to perform motor activities were measured using the QuickDASH questionnaires, consisting of 11 questions, scored on a Likerk scale and whose final score indicates functional deficiency. Saliva and serum samples were collected from patients participating in the research in order to evaluate the activity of markers of neural damage in the disease. The epidemiological survey demonstrated a predominance of cases in male individuals, concentrated in an age group younger than the data demonstrated in studies at state level, there was a greater spectrum of the dimorphic form of the disease and occurrence in 37 of the 69 neighborhoods of the city, predominantly in the East zone. The municipality occupies the 4th position in the order of prevalence of cases in Bahia. It was found that the QuickDASH questionnaire is an accessible and quick diagnostic tool in clinical health care practice, and there is potential to use the Enolase biological marker to identify disability in patients with leprosy resulting from neural damage. The concentration of the disease in areas marked by social inequalities and lack of access to health services highlights the urgency of measures aimed not only at treating already diagnosed cases, but also at prevention and early diagnosis. It is crucial that health policies are adapted to meet the specific needs of the affected population, taking into account issues of gender, access to health services and socioeconomic conditions.
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3
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VANESSA VIEIRA LACERDA MENEZES
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SALIVARY INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS PROFILE ASSOCIATED WITH PHOTOBIOMODULATION APPLIED TO THE TREATMENT OF ORONASAL DISORDERS FROM COVID-19
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Leader : HAYANA RAMOS LIMA
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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EZEQUIEL BATISTA DO NASCIMENTO
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HAYANA RAMOS LIMA
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IUKARY OLIVEIRA TAKENAMI
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MANOELA CARRERA
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Data: 28 mars 2024
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Afficher le Résumé
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Taste and smell disturbances (TSD) as sequelae of COVID-19 are a relevant health problem that affect patients' quality of life, without any effective treatments or protocols to mitigate these conditions. The pathophysiology of APO is not yet known, but it is speculated that the maintenance of chronic inflammation might contribute to the persistence of these symptoms. In this study, we sought to evaluate photobiomodulation (PBM) as a therapeutic possibility for controlling changes in taste and smell resulting from COVID-19. We also evaluated whether PBM interferes with the profile of salivary inflammatory mediators. Then, 23 individuals with APO were allocated into 3 groups, according to the therapeutic protocol (oral-PBM, n=11; nasal-PBM, n=8; and sham, n=5); additionally, ten individuals without complaints of disturbances in smell and taste, were enrolled as a control group. Patients in the oral-PBM and nasal-PBM groups were treated with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), at a wavelength of 810nm, with different protocols, in 10 clinical sessions, applied at a minimum interval of 48h, while in the sham group, the laser application was simulated. Disturbances in taste and smell (measured using the Connecticut olfactory test, CCCRC and the adapted Mueller taste test) were characterized at the beginning of treatment and after the 5th and 10th PBM sessions, when saliva was also collected for identification of inflammatory mediators. We observed an increased expression of MPO, IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-10 in the saliva of patients with TSD compared to the control group. Furthermore, we found that PBM interfered with the perception of taste and smell in patients with oronasal disorders resulting from COVID-19, but did not significantly change the concentration of NO, MPO, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α in saliva after 10 PBM sessions, regardless of the protocol adopted. These results indicate that PBM is a promising therapy for controlling TSD, however, the mechanisms that lead to clinical improvement in patients are not associated with changes in the profile of inflammatory mediators in saliva.
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4
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SARAH TAVARES FAGUNDES BECKER
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EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY AND THERMOPLUVIOMETRIC RELATIONSHIPS OF DENGUE CASES REPORTED IN EUNÁPOLIS, BAHIA.
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Leader : DELIO JOSE MORA AMADOR JUNIOR
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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DELIO JOSE MORA AMADOR JUNIOR
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JOAO BATISTA LOPES DA SILVA
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ELFANY REIS DO NASCIMENTO LOPES
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LUANNA CHACARA PIRES
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JORGE LUIZ FORTUNA
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Data: 3 avr. 2024
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Afficher le Résumé
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Introduction: Dengue is an arbovirus of wide relevance in Brazil and around the world and which causes an important impact in terms of morbidity and mortality. From the study of notifications, it is possible to draw an epidemiological profile and describe the impact of dengue in order to assist in analyzes of the municipal reality. Objectives: characterize the epidemiological profile of reported dengue cases and evaluate the impact of changes in rainfall patterns and the effectiveness of public policies in combating the vector in the municipality of Eunápolis-Bahia between 2017 and 2023. Method: An ecological study was carried out cross-sectional study with data from residents of Eunápolis, Bahia, registered in the Disease Information and Notification System. Results: Based on the study period, the average incidence coefficient was 765.62 per 100,000 inhabitants, there was a growth rate of notifications of approximately 439.38%, a significant growth during the analyzed period (p<0. 05). The average growth rate of dengue notifications, considering all years evaluated, was 40.04%. These data show an accelerated growth rate, in which the average incidence growth rate was 27.47%. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact test revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the years evaluated (2017 to 2023) in relation to the association with several variables, such as hospitalization, sex, race/color, education, evolution, confirmation/ruling out and classification of the condition, pre-existing diseases and clinical signs. The climatological data on precipitation and temperature were obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology, to verify adherence to the normal distribution, the Shapiro Wilk test was applied (p>0.05). During the evaluated period, the average compensated temperature varied between 20.07 and 28.18 ℃, (average 24.14 ± 0.23 °C). Precipitation varied from 8.4 to 421.9 mm (average 81.26 ± 9.71 mm). The building infestation index (IIP) varied between 0.3-1.7%. Furthermore, we sought to compare the fluctuation in dengue notifications during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The findings of this study elucidate the epidemiological profile of dengue in Eunápolis-BA, even with information gaps caused by underreporting.
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5
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LAILA CHEIBUB COSTA RODRIGUES
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CLINICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY ASPECTS OF COVID-19 IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN THE FAR SOUTH OF BAHIA.
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Leader : DELIO JOSE MORA AMADOR JUNIOR
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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DELIO JOSE MORA AMADOR JUNIOR
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CLARA MONICA FIGUEREDO DE LIMA
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ERIKA MARIA SAMPAIO ROCHA
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ULISSES LOPES GUERRA PEREIRA SOBRINHO
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LUIZ HENRIQUE SANTOS GUIMARAES
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Data: 8 avr. 2024
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Afficher le Résumé
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With a high transmissibility rate, the COVID-19 pandemic presented high morbidity and mortality in a short period, challenging clinical practice regarding effective and safe treatment around the world. Since the beginning of the pandemic, different drug therapies have been tested at different stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of which, Methylprednisolone - a potent anti-inflammatory steroid, and Tocilizumab - an antiinterleukin 6 (IL-6) monoclonal antibody, reduced deaths and length of stay in clinical trials. The objective of the study was to analyze the clinical evolution and performance of corticosteroids and Tocilizumab in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. A retrospective cohort study was carried out on patients with COVID19 admitted to Hospital Sobrasa de Teixeira de Freitas - Bahia. Medical records were reviewed in order to obtain the most relevant demographic and clinical-evolutionary data. Data were tabulated in Microsoft® Excel and analyzed in IBM SPSS Statistics 21. For descriptive analyses, absolute or relative frequencies were used with 95% confidence intervals. The test was used to verify the associations of proportions in the different categories of the variables analyzed. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Southern Bahia, under protocol number 63275922.4.0000.8467. From March 2020 to May 2021, 530 patients were included, of which 354 (66.79%) were men and 176 (33.21%) women, in a predominant age group between the 3rd and 5th decades of life, and an average of 54.37 ± 11.3 years. Regarding signs and symptoms, 519 (97.92%) were symptomatic and the majority presented cough 378 (71.32%), dyspnea 294 (55.47%), fever 321 (60.57%) and myalgia 129 (24.34%). Two hundred and eighty-one (53%) patients presented one or more comorbidities, of which systemic arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus were present in 192 (36.23%) and 103 (19.43%) cases, respectively. Regarding diagnosis, 302 (56.98%) patients underwent the RT-PCR, 33 (6.23%) the rapid TR-antigen test, 11 (2.08%) the TRantibody test for SARS-COV 2 and seven (1.32%) the serological test for SARS-COV 2 (ELISA, CLIA or immunofluorescence). The diagnosis of infection based on clinical and epidemiological criteria was demonstrated in 177 (33.4%) patients. Regarding the length of stay in the ward, 374 (70.57%) were hospitalized for less than 5 days, 146 (27.55%) between 5 and 10 days and 10 (1.89%) for 10 days or more. Of the 31 (5.85%) patients admitted to the Intensive Care Center, 11 (35.48%) remained hospitalized for less than 5 days, 13 (41.94%) between 5 and 10 days and seven (22.58% ) for more than 10 days. During hospitalization, 232 (43.77%) patients used ventilatory support, of these, 186 (80.17%) used only a nasal catheter and 12 (5.17%) were intubated. Computed tomography was performed in 506 (95.47%) patients, of which 243 (48%) had between 25-50% pulmonary involvement, 180 (35.57%) values greater than 50% and 83 (16.04 %) values less than 25%. In total, 523 (98.68%) patients used corticosteroids, of which 328 (61.89%) used Methylprednisolone, 77 (14.53%) Dexamethasone, 19 (3.58%) Prednisolone and 11 (2 .08%) of Prednisone. Tocilizumab was prescribed in 94 (17.74%) cases. The isolated use or combination of antimicrobials was observed in 63 (13.37%) cases. Regarding the length of stay, of the patients who only used corticosteroids, 237 (55.34%) stayed for less than 5 days, 173 (40.33%) between 5 and 10 days, and 19 (4.33%) for more than 10 days. Of those who used corticosteroids and tocilizumab during hospitalization, 38 (41.30%) stayed for less than 5 days, 49 (53.26%) between 5-10 days, and 5 (5.43%) for more than 10 days . Ventilatory support was necessary in 180 (41.96%) of patients who used only corticosteroids, and not necessary in 249 (58.04%), while it was necessary in only 48 (52.1%) of patients who used corticosteroids and tocilizumab, and not necessary in 44 (47.83%). As for laboratory tests, the group that used corticosteroids and Tocilizumab combined presented a higher index of Creactive Protein (138 vs. 81.9), Lactate dehydrogenase (379.6 vs. 341.2) and Ferritin (1134.1 vs. 852.3), at admission, compared to the group that used only corticosteroids (p<0.001). Regarding clinical evolution, 509 (96.04%) recovered and were discharged from the hospital, 6 (1.13%) died and 12 (2.26%) were transferred to field hospitals or neighboring municipalities. The survival of study patients was significantly associated with the use of Methylprednisolone both by uni (p=0.41) and multivariate analysis (p=0.36). Expanding knowledge regarding clinical practice and understanding the therapeutic potential of corticosteroids and Tocilizumab in infected individuals are relevant for decision-making in the hospital environment, as well as the adoption of public health measures that minimize the impacts of the disease.
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6
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CAIO RODRIGUES DOS SANTOS
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“IUD as a contraceptive method in the Primary Care environment of Teixeira de Freitas, Bahia: Expertise and Medical Interests of the Family Health Strategy”
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Leader : WILLIAM RODRIGUES DE FREITAS
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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WILLIAM RODRIGUES DE FREITAS
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ERIKA MARIA SAMPAIO ROCHA
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CHRISTIANE CORRÊA RODRIGUES CIMINI
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LUIZ HENRIQUE SANTOS GUIMARAES
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Data: 19 avr. 2024
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Afficher le Résumé
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The Intrauterine Device (DIU) is the contraceptive option that corresponds to greater effectiveness, lower cost to the Unified Health System (SUS) and long-term use with fewer effects on the female body. Furthermore, it is a reversible contraception method that can be used indefinitely. In Brazil, its use is infrequent, used by only 1.9% of women who use contraceptive methods. Unquestionably, professionals with a medical degree are permitted to perform the DIU insertion procedure, whose insertion can occur within the scope of Primary Health Care, through the Family Health Strategy (ESF), as an important tool for Family Planning. However, even with ESF coverage in 99.17% of the Brazilian territory and the availability of the device through the Unified Health System (SUS), the adherence rate to the method is still low. Therefore, through this study, we sought to understand the weaknesses in inserting the DIU in a health hub city. This is a quantitative, qualitative and descriptive study, whose target audience is doctors working in APS, who participated in the application of a structured questionnaire with guaranteed anonymity. 38 doctors participated in this study, from a universe of 42 professionals, with a confidence level of 90%. As a primary outcome, it was identified that although there is minimal expertise on the DIU (92% = N35 answered more than 90% of the questionnaire correctly), there is little interest in placing the device within the scope of PHC, justified by the slowness in carrying out exams that can diagnose clinical impediments, the lack of practical skills and the fear that adverse events such as uterine perforation or expulsion of the DIU will interfere with the professional's credibility in the face of team and/or population. As a secondary outcome, 76% of participants (N29) cited the lack of training as impeding their interest in carrying out the procedure. Therefore, it is believed that low adherence to the DIU is related to the lack of security and lack of interest on the part of professionals in carrying out the procedure. Therefore, continuing education needs to be promoted by local management, by higher education units and by institutions specialized in Family Planning, so that security can be achieved by medical professionals and mobilize their interest, transforming them into agents engaged in the use of this important contraceptive method.
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7
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JEANNE DE OLIVEIRA PEREIRA
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CONTINUING EDUCATION IN THE HOSPITAL CONTEXT: PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTION AND VALIDATION OF A MANUAL FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
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Leader : ANA PAULA PESSOA DE OLIVEIRA
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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ANA PAULA PESSOA DE OLIVEIRA
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Arinete Veras Fontes Esteves
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ELIZABETH TEIXEIRA
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WILLIAM RODRIGUES DE FREITAS
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Data: 2 mai 2024
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Afficher le Résumé
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The objective of this study was to construct and validate a manual for the implementation of continuing health education in the hospital context. The method was mixed, quantitative and qualitative, divided into three stages: contextualization, development and validation of the manual. The construction of the manual was carried out through a survey of evidence through an integrative review. The development was carried out through the elaboration of the steps of the construction of the manual and the validation of the manual occurred through the evaluation of two groups called judges-specialists in the area of health, this group evaluating the domains of objectives, structure, organization and relevance. The second group of expert judges from other areas evaluated the appearance and adequacy of each item. The participants answered an evaluation questionnaire with closed questions, with space for suggestions and comments. For descriptive statistical analysis of the data, the statistical program R (The comprehensive R Archive Network) version 4.3.3 windows was used. The manual deals with the following contents: The first part presents a brief history of the concepts and guidelines of EPS, characterizing and distinguishing Continuing Education and Continuing Education, reinforcing significant learning in the hospital environment; then, in the second part of the manual, we gradually describe the implementation of EPS, what refers to the planning processes, suggesting an interdisciplinary committee that organizes and plans every step to strengthen EPS in the hospital context. Also in this part, we describe the multiple definitions of teaching methods and leave suggestions for application instruments for monitoring PHE, finally, we talk about control and evaluation of PHE. With regard to the quantitative analysis, the material was validated from the point of view of content and appearance, since it presented a level of agreement among the expert judges of (80.91%). Therefore, the EPS manual is considered validated in the hospital environment, due to the implementation guidelines, cooperating for the strengthening and elaboration of planning, mainly favoring management, since it provides educational support for the multidisciplinary team.
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8
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EVERTON RUSCIOLELLI NASCIMENTO
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Epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in the city of Eunápolis / Bahia
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Leader : SEBASTIAO RODRIGO FERREIRA
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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ANTONIO FERREIRA MENDES DE SOUSA
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LUANNA CHACARA PIRES
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RENATA SOARES PASSINHO
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SEBASTIAO RODRIGO FERREIRA
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Data: 29 mai 2024
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Afficher le Résumé
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Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan species Leishmania infantum, with the domestic dog as an urban reservoir of great relevance due to its proximity to humans due to its domestication. Knowledge of the epidemiology of CVL is of great importance for health surveillance activities, as it generally precedes cases of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis. The accurate diagnosis of these animals is extremely important for the control and prevention of the disease, it is based on clinical signs, which do not always follow a pattern, in association with epidemiology and laboratory tests, which may include serological and molecular methods. This pioneering study in the region carried out a seroepidemiological survey of the dog population to detect L. infantum, in an area epidemiologically unknown for CVL. mainly the prevalence of the disease, through serological and molecular tests, in addition to characterizing the risk factors associated with infection in dogs. 243 animals born in the municipality of Eunápolis were used. Of these, 4/243 were reagents in the rKDDR-plus serological test and 2/243 were reagents in the qPCR molecular test, obtaining a prevalence of 0.82%. The positive animals did not show clinical symptoms, being characterized as asymptomatic. Questionnaires were applied to socioenvironmental factors that highlighted the residences of reactive animals: proximity of the home to forest areas, presence of garbage and breeding of birds and other animals, being predisposing factors for the spread and proliferation of the vector. The present study confirms the transmission of CVL in the municipality, and although the circulation of L. infantum is low, the socio-environmental conditions of the municipality are specific to its dispersion.
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9
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TALIA SILVA RIBEIRO
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Evaluation of the toxicity of essential oils for Sitophilus zeamais control in maize storage
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Leader : LUANNA CHACARA PIRES
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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LUANNA CHACARA PIRES
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GISELE LOPES DE OLIVEIRA
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MARCIA NUNES BANDEIRA RONER
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SEBASTIAO RODRIGO FERREIRA
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LIVIA SANTOS LIMA LEMOS
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TAINA SORAIA MULLER
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Data: 12 juin 2024
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Afficher le Résumé
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The corn weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) is one of the main pests of stored grains, causing both quantitative and qualitative losses, particularly in warm and humid regions worldwide. Insect infestation in stored foods has traditionally been managed through chemical control methods. However, the use of these chemicals poses serious risks to the environment, fauna, and human health, potentially leading to lethal effects on non-target organisms and promoting pest resistance. Consequently, there is an increasing demand for alternative methods, such as botanical byproducts with insecticidal properties, to transition towards agroecological production. This study, conducted in a pioneering manner within the identified territory, aims to evaluate the insecticidal potential of essential oils from native species of the Atlantic Forest for controlling S. zeamais in stored maize grains. In Chapter I, an integrative review was conducted on the main chemical components of essential oils that exhibit insecticidal action against the corn weevil. The search was performed across various databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, Scielo, Sciencedirect, and Google Scholar, covering articles published between January 2010 and June 2023. A total of 754 articles were identified, with 93 titles selected, highlighting α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, linalool, and limonene as the most prevalent compounds in the studied essential oils. In Chapters II and III, essential oils from Protium heptaphyllum, Piper macedoi, and Schinus terebinthifolius were collected from points in the Extreme South of Bahia, extracted by hydrodistillation, analyzed and characterized by Gas Chromatography, and subjected to contact toxicity and fumigant assays against S. zeamais. The non-sexed insects used were obtained from infected maize obtained from local markets in the Extreme South of Bahia and reared in the laboratory. The mortality rate of adult insects was evaluated at different concentrations of essential oils, through contact exposure after 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours, and through fumigation after 12, 24, and 48 hours. The collected data underwent exploratory analysis for homogeneity and variance normality of treatments, with ANOVA, parametric, and/or non-parametric tests applied. Mortality was determined through Probit analysis. In Chapter II, the essential oil of P. heptaphyllum yielded 9.61%, with limonene (62.26%), α-pinene (16.76%), and o-cymene (8.05%) as the major components. Regarding contact tests, P. heptaphyllum showed low toxicity and demonstrated fumigant potential, achieving a mortality rate of 100% against S. zeamais. In Chapter III, for P. macedoi, the yield was 0.9%, with the main compounds being 1,8-cineole (17.66%), followed by β-pinene (8.22%), αpinene (7.43%), and camphene (5.88%). S. terebinthifolius exhibited a yield of 5.0%, with the main constituents being D-limonene (27.86%), carvone (9.21%), and cis-carveol (6.8%). The tests showed mortality rates of up to 10 to 50% for both species in contact toxicity assessments and up to 100% in fumigation tests for S. terebinthifolius. It is concluded that further bioassays with higher dosages are necessary to determine the appropriate concentration for controlling the corn weevil in stored maize grains.
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10
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VANESSA SOUTO PAULO
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QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER NATURAL DISASTER IN A COMMUNITY AFFECTED BY FLOODS IN ITABUNA/BA: A FOCUS ON SINGLE HEALTH.
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Leader : ITA DE OLIVEIRA E SILVA
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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GRASIELY FACCIN BORGES
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ITA DE OLIVEIRA E SILVA
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JANE MARY DE MEDEIROS GUIMARAES
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RHADSON REZENDE MONTEIRO
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Data: 20 juin 2024
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Afficher le Résumé
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Introduction: The city of Itabuna, located in the cocoa-growing region of Bahia, frequently faces floods that significantly impact the health and well-being of communities, especially at Gogó da Ema. This study is justified by the need to understand and mitigate these adverse impacts through public policies, aligning with the principles governing One Health. The main objective of the dissertation was to evaluate the influence of floods on the health conditions, particularly concerning the living environment and habitability, of the residents of the Gogó da Ema community. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study using both quantitative and qualitative methods. A total of 126 interviews were conducted with residents between December 2023 and March 2024, using a semi-structured questionnaire that addressed sociodemographic data, housing, and health conditions. Results and Discussion: The first chapter introduces the concept of One Health, a field of knowledge that investigates the interactions between humans, animals, and the environment. It also describes the implementation of a multidisciplinary extension course in Technical Assistance for Social Housing (ATHIS) and Right to the City, involving architects, biological and health professionals, social workers, and students. This course trained professionals to carry out diagnoses and prepare the Gogó da Ema community for future flood events. Thematic teams were formed to execute actions, accompanied by monthly meetings and periodic visits to the community. The second chapter explores, through a systematic review, the interconnection between habitability, living environment, and housing health, highlighting its importance in evaluating the quality of life. Habitability involves the internal conditions of the residence, such as access to drinking water, sanitation, ventilation, and lighting. The living environment encompasses the external environment and access to public services, recreational areas, and mobility. Housing health includes the quality of air, water, and food, as well as sanitary conditions. Thus, the second chapter of this dissertation presents a systematic literature review and an analysis of how these components influence the quality of life of a given population. The results show the need for housing policies adapted to local particularities and investments in healthy housing, with the aim of promoting public health and reducing disparities. The third chapter presents the descriptive study on the impacts of floods on the health of the Gogó da Ema community, analyzing sociodemographic data, housing, and health conditions. Descriptive analyses indicate that all residences were affected by the floods in 2021 and 81.8% in 2022. Although most houses have access to piped water (90.9%) and sewage (76%), there are serious deficiencies regarding sanitation. The high prevalence of respiratory symptoms, such as cough and shortness of breath, seems to be correlated with humidity and unsanitary conditions in the housing and community. Additionally, 26.7% reported recent cases of diarrhea. Conclusion: The chapters of the dissertation elucidate the complexity and interdependence of factors influencing the quality of life in communities vulnerable to natural disasters. The holistic approach of One Health is highlighted as essential to understanding and mitigating the impacts of floods on public health. Through multidisciplinary interventions, community training, and integrated public policies, it is possible to promote resilience and improve the quality of life of affected communities. The experiences and data collected in the Gogó da Ema community, in Itabuna, can serve as a model for other regions facing similar challenges on a daily basis.
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11
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JOANA MARIA SOARES DOS SANTOS
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Green spaces and the eating behavior of preschool children: an analysis from the One Health perspective
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Leader : ITA DE OLIVEIRA E SILVA
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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ANA PAULA RAMOS DE SOUZA
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GRASIELY FACCIN BORGES
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ITA DE OLIVEIRA E SILVA
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JAILSON SANTOS DE NOVAIS
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Data: 18 sept. 2024
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Introduction: The proximity of green spaces has been associated with positive outcomes in children's healthy development. In this context, children with feeding problems form a heterogeneous group, given the biological, behavioral, and psychosocial complexity of eating. Understanding pediatric feeding issues requires a comprehensive model that integrates genetic, biological, psychological, sociocultural, family, and environmental factors. Considering that green spaces can provide greater sensory experiences for children, this study aims to investigate the influence of urban and rural green spaces on the eating behavior of children aged 2 to 5 years and 11 months. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that combines quantitative and qualitative methods. Data collection was conducted through a structured questionnaire, applied in ten schools located in the rural and urban areas of Eunápolis, BA, targeting caregivers of children aged 2 to 5 years and 11 months. A total of 120 interviews were conducted, but 9 participants were excluded for not meeting the eligibility criteria. In the end, the sample consisted of 111 participants, with 46 from the rural area and 64 from the urban area. Results and Discussion: The first chapter introduces, through a systematic review, the concept of One Health and feeding difficulties, the latter considering four domains: medical, nutritional, psychosocial, and feeding skills. In investigating whether exposure to green spaces impacts the eating behavior of preschool children, it was observed that the interaction between environmental influences and ecosystem services demonstrates benefits for children's health and well-being. Although the literature is scarce, the few identified studies suggest that the issue is multifactorial, influenced by geographical, cultural, sanitary, socioeconomic conditions, lifestyle, and human behaviors within ecosystems. Therefore, it is essential to rethink conceptual models focused on the health-disease dichotomy, as understanding the causes of illness through the traditional medical lens is no longer sufficient to address contemporary challenges. The second chapter explores the human relationship with nature through a literature review, highlighting the concepts of biophilia and changes in children's eating behavior. Although biophilia suggests an innate predisposition of children to connect with nature and many studies discuss the health benefits of green spaces, the relationship with children's eating behavior is underexplored, especially in terms of sensory experiences. The third chapter presents a descriptive cross-sectional study investigating the influence of rural and urban green spaces on the eating behavior of children aged 2 to 5 years and 11 months in the municipality of Eunápolis, BA. The study involved two independent groups, rural (ZR) and urban (ZU) areas, and analyzed sociodemographic data, reasons, and frequency of children's contact with green spaces, in addition to classifying changes in eating behavior using the score from the Brazilian Infant Feeding Scale (EBAI). The analyses indicate that most children in both groups do not show alterations in eating behavior; however, children from ZU have significantly higher scores on the EBAI, ranging from 13 to 65 points, compared to children from ZR. Factors such as parental education, family income, and race/color do not relate to changes in eating behavior in either group. The results indicated no significant impact of geographic location on the likelihood of children visiting green spaces; however, in the ZR group, 72.3% of the children visit green spaces daily, while in the ZU group, weekly (35.9%) and monthly (17.2%) visits are more common. The most common reason for using green spaces in both groups was 'Play,' with 93.6% in ZR and 78.1% in ZU. Conclusion: The environment in which children grow up has a profound impact on their physical and mental health, as well as their overall quality of life. The lack of access to green spaces can hinder the neurological development necessary for the proper functioning of feeding skills, highlighting the importance of these areas as promoters of children's health. With the expansion of urban areas, it is essential that children have access to nature to reap these benefits and develop a biophilic relationship with the natural environment. Therefore, it is crucial to preserve the diversity and balance of nature. Additionally, natural environments do not need to be remote or untouched; their value is also found in everyday green spaces, such as urban parks, street trees, and residential gardens, which play a significant role in people's wellbeing.
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MARILIA CAIXETA DE ARAUJO
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Temporal Trend of Incidence and Mortality of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Southern Bahia: Ecological Study
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Leader : DELIO JOSE MORA AMADOR JUNIOR
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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DELIO JOSE MORA AMADOR JUNIOR
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FERNANDO LUIZ PEREIRA DE OLIVEIRA
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GRASIELY FACCIN BORGES
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KATRINI GUIDOLINI MARTINELLI
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LAIS SANTOS DE MAGALHAES CARDOSO
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RENATA SOARES PASSINHO
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Data: 20 sept. 2024
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COVID-19 culminated in changes in tuberculosis control. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiological profile, incidence and mortality of pulmonary tuberculosis in two regions of Southern Bahia. This is an exploratory ecological study of temporal trends carried out using data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System. Sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory data were used to compare the patients' profiles. Incidence and mortality rates were calculated from 2010 to 2022 and Prais-Winsten regression was used to classify the temporal trend of the series and evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on the trend and level through the Interrupted Time Series. The average incidence and mortality rates for the regions of Bahia were 36.3 new cases and 1.2 deaths per 100 thousand inhabitants, both with a stationary trend. A decreasing trend in incidence occurred for the age group up to nine years old and the municipalities of Mucuri and Nova Viçosa and an increasing trend for Alcobaça and Santa Cruz Cabrália. A decreasing trend for mortality occurred in Eunápolis and Mucuri. A higher number of hospital deaths was observed in the period before the pandemic, with no difference between periods for the number of cases and general deaths from pulmonary MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO SUL DA BAHIA (UFSB) - CAMPUS PAULO FREIRE CENTRO DE FORMAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM SAÚDE, AMBIENTE E BIODIVERSIDADE 3 tuberculosis. Regarding the profile, there was a difference between the independent groups before the pandemic (2017 to 2019) and after its start (2020 to 2022) for education, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and all laboratory variables.
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LUDMILA LOPES LUZ
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"Development and Validation of a Diabetes Guide for Physical Education Teachers in School Settings"
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Leader : GRASIELY FACCIN BORGES
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MEMBRES DE LA BANQUE :
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MARLON MESSIAS SANTANA CRUZ
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ANA PAULA PESSOA DE OLIVEIRA
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GRASIELY FACCIN BORGES
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SILVIO APARECIDO FONSECA
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Data: 25 sept. 2024
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This dissertation is presented in an article format, divided into three chapters, each corresponding to a specific article that addresses different aspects of the study conducted. Developed within the framework of the Graduate Program in Health, Environment, and Biodiversity at the Federal University of Southern Bahia, the main focus was the "Development and Validation of an Educational Technology Guide on Diabetes in Schools for Physical Education Teachers. The first article, titled "Validated Technologies for the Care of Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: An Integrative Review," aimed to map digital educational materials, such as e-books and interactive booklets, intended for the care of children and adolescents with diabetes. The review revealed that these materials were recognized for their clarity, relevance, and positive impact on education about Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM1), promoting self-care and safe physical activity practices. The second article, "School Physical Education in Improving the Management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Adolescents," discussed how school physical education can contribute to the management of diabetes in adolescents. It was found that regular physical education practice helps improve glycemic control by reducing glycated hemoglobin levels and increasing insulin sensitivity. Additionally, it contributes to mental health by reducing anxiety and depression and improving self-esteem and well-being. The third article, "Development and Validation of an Educational Technology Guide on Diabetes in Schools for Physical Education Teachers: A Methodological Study," aimed to develop and validate a guide with reliable information and accessible vocabulary for physical education teachers, aiming to create a safe, welcoming, and inclusive environment for students with diabetes in the school setting. Following a rigorous analysis by experts in the field, the guide was validated with a Content Validity Index (IVC) of 0.916 and a percentage agreement of 91.6%, being considered suitable for enhancing the knowledge of physical education teachers regarding diabetes management in students during physical activities.
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