Epidemiological and socioenvironmental factors of scorpionism in the far south of Bahia.
Scorpionism; Tytius; Vulnerability index; Epidemiology; Patient severity.
Introduction: Scorpionism is a serious public health problem in Brazil and in the world in recent years. The recognized scorpions of medical importance in Bahia are belonging to the genus Tityus, in particular two species: T. serrulatus, and T. bahiensis, which cause more serious accidents. Epidemiological studies and social and environmental vulnerability indices have been used to assess urban socio-environmental contexts and health threats, with a view to better understanding the health-disease relationship. Objective:The study aims to present a clinical and epidemiological analysis and to relate them as factors associated with the severity of scorpionism as well as to propose and test a Socioenvironmental Vulnerability (IVSA) to scorpion accidents. Method: A study was performed descriptive epidemiological analysis as well as multivariate analysis, georeferencing and spatial analysis, using data from the IBGE-2010 Demographic Census of scorpion accidents reported in the Reporting Disease Information System, from 2010 to 2017 in the Far South of the Bahia. We performed analysis with TabWin32 3.6b, Microsoft Excel 2010, Excel calculator for sample and statistical sizes and QGIS software version 2.18. Result: The largest incidents of scorpion accidents occurred in 2010 and 2014 and in the municipalities of Lajedão and Medeiros Neto, concentrated in the age group of 20-49 years, with 70% deaths in children up to 9 years, in individuals (51.6%), brown-skinned (69.8%), male (70.1%) and only 22.6% job. The most affected body region was the hands (61.9%). The accidents were predominantly in the area rural area (62.5%), except for Teixeira de Freitas, the most urbanized city in the region. Most cases were mild (82.8%), with local (92.1%) and systemic (8.0%) symptoms. Children and adolescents under 15 years were three times more likely to have severe conditions. The results of this work also show that the more vulnerable the population is, the greater the frequency of scorpion accidents. Conclusion: Tha IVSA has great versatility in its use and is an easy tool cost-effective planning for the most effective public policy strategies health service in the studied region there is need for continuous training of professionals aiming at a diagnosis, treatment and completion of the appropriate investigation form.