Urban arborization in Teixeira de Freitas-Ba: a cade study aiming to subsidy sustainable development in the urban planning of squares, streets and avenues.
Sustainable Cities; 2030 Agenda; Urban Planning; Ecological Corridor.
Urban afforestation is an essential biotic element in the urban environment, when well planned, it performs several functions that promote environmental improvements and quality of life. However, in many Brazilian municipalities, afforestation is not included in urban planning, which allows the performance of private and empirical initiatives, which carry out the planting of species incompatible with the urban structure. This reality also affects the municipality of Teixeira de Freitas, located in the extreme south of Bahia. In view of this perspective, this work intends to carry out a case study in Teixeira de Freitas, in order to identify the main conflicts between urban afforestation and urban infrastructure, as well as to propose measures that subsidize a sustainable afforestation plan compatible with the 2030 Agenda. To obtain an overview of urban afforestation in Brazilian cities, a systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA protocol (2020), and to obtain information regarding urban afforestation in Teixeira de Freitas, a simple quali-quantitative inventory of afforestation in four transects covering an area of approximately 339,348 m2, comprising some squares, streets and avenues. Therefore, all tree individuals with a minimum height of two meters were georeferenced, photographed, collected and evaluated in relation to dendrometric variables, physical-sanitary conditions and their relationship with the urban infrastructure. Phytosociological parameters were analyzed using the FITOPAC 2.0 Program Package, while the analysis of phytosanitary conditions and infrastructure conditions were analyzed by comparison with relevant legislation, studies and existing technical manuals. The results found were compared with the objectives and goals of the 2030 Agenda related to the theme, and a proposal for the use of native species in the planning of afforestation will be prepared, aiming to point out possible interventions in the planning, management and management stages that can help to minimize the existing conflicts between afforestation and urban infrastructure in the municipal urban afforestation plan.