Zooplankton spatial distribution at the Buranhém River estuary and adjacent area, south Bahia
Copepod, abundance, diversity
Zooplankton communities monitoring is a powerful tool to identify environmental changes and contributes to the biodiversity conservation on a global scale due to its trophic importance. Copepod is the most abundant zooplankton group and its diversity, short life cycle and broad feeding strategies make this group a good environmental bioindicator. The Buranhém River is the main river of Porto Seguro at the South of Bahia coast. This study aims to identify the spatial distribution of the mesozooplanktonic community focusing on copepod, to identify the influence of the Buranhém River to the reef and inner shelf adjacent areas. This dissertation is composed by two chapters. The first one is a literature review that describes the zooplankton research status in Brazil, especially in Northwest region. The second chapter we provide the first coastal Copepoda species list of Porto Seguro and describe aspects of the mesozooplakton community spatial variability between the four different environments focusing on copepod. We collected fourty-one samples in four environments: estuary, inner shelf, coast and coral reef. We obtained zooplankton samples through vertical hauls with simple conical plankton net (200-µm mesh size) and preserved on 4% formaldehyde for further lab analyses. We performed vertical profiles of temperature and salinity, and the depth of a Secchi disk. In addition we survey wind, river discharge and rainfall data for environmental characterization. The Copepoda diversity was higher on the estuarine and coastal environment in opposition to the coral reef and Inner Shelf. The different environment was featured according to the mesozooplankton community structure. We also found the influence of the salinity, temperature, rainfall and Buranhém river discharge in the coastal mesozooplankton community.