PROTECTED AREAS AND SUSTAINABLE TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT: AN ANALYSIS FROM THE DESCOBRIMENTO NATIONAL PARK, BA
Protected Areas; Management Effectiveness, Social and Environmental Conflicts; Sociobiodiversity
The first protected areas (PA) were created under the pillars of the myth of untouched nature, having served as a model for the UCs even today internationally. In many cases, the right to use natural resources and land was denied to the communities that resided in its interior, the relationship between man and nature was ignored, causing an intense process of deterritorialization. In Brazil, the first UCs were created in 1937. Law No. 9,985 formally defined the UC categories, including those of full protection and those of sustainable use. Many environmental conflicts arise from different understandings of the forms of occupation of territories. It is in this scenario that CUs comprise spaces that can generate many socio-environmental conflicts. The Discovery National Park is an integral protection UC, located in a region that has an expressive biological diversity of the Atlantic Forest, in addition to the presence of cultural diversity, especially indigenous and quilombola groups, which has already generated conflicts in the area of this UC in recent years. This project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Discovery Park's management from the point of view of sustainable territorial development. For this, it will adapt the Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool methodology, developed by IUCN, to the context of southern Bahia. Data collection will be carried out through individual and group interviews with members of the Park's Advisory Board, bibliographic and documentary research, as well as field notes and photographic records of the UC areas. It is hoped with this work to understand the execution of the SNUC in the southern region of Bahia, in addition to qualifying the management of PARNA do Descobrimento, providing subsidies to expand and strengthen actions for the conservation of regional socio-biodiversity, in order to contribute to a more regional territorial development. sustainable.