The role of quilombola women in Helvécia in the struggle for recognition and emancipatory fundamental rights.
Quilombo; black woman; protagonism; rights; emancipatory.
Brazil is constitutionally a Democratic State of Law, whose basic foundations are human dignity and citizenship. Since the 1988 Federal Constitution, the Brazilian legal system has presented an extensive list of fundamental rights and guarantees, expressly provided for in the text of the Constitution. The fundamental objective is the construction of an isonomic, just and solidary society. Despite the objectives and foundations expressed in the Constitution, in practice Brazilian society is marked by inequalities and the denial of rights to certain groups and collectivities. Forged within a racist and patriarchal structure, the Brazilian legal system has yet to translate the constitutional precepts and foundations into social reality. In order to understand the gap and the distance between the constitutional values and social reality in our country, it is emergent the construction of academic-legal research, which analyze the different factors that permeate the social struggles and achievements for rights. The problem of the present research is to analyse the leading role played by the quilombola women of Helvécia in the process of struggle for recognition, and the importance of this activism as an instrument for the realisation of emancipatory fundamental rights. As objectives, the research addresses the historical trajectory of Helvécia, from its origin, as part of the Leopoldina Colony, to the present process of struggle for recognition. It analyzes the struggles and experiences of women from the category of analysis, intersectionality, in its markers of gender and race, addressing the struggle for political rights of quilombola women, and the importance of representation for the constitution of an isonomic democracy in Brazil. It also analyzes the protagonism of quilombola women, from the category of Afrocentric analysis of agency, as the centrality of the subjects in society. And finally, the process of struggle and implementation of emancipatory fundamental rights in the community of Helvécia, achievements and challenges. Fundamental rights are understood from the emancipatory dimension of Boaventura de Sousa Santos. As methodology I use the field research, through semi- structured interviews, whose subject participants are four women from the Helvécia Quilombola Association (AQH), I also use the bibliographical research, afroreferenced, mainly, with black authors, and also academic-scientific research conducted in Brazilian quilombos. AII research is permeated by black feminist epistemology, and its main categories of analysis, such as orality, social place, intersectionality, among others. Understanding the process of struggle for recognition and realization of rights in the community of Helvécia, and the role of women in this trajectory, from a black feminist epistemology, is important as a scientific stance. Brazil is still a country cut across by structural racism and sexism, and in this context, studies and research from perspectives and places different from those belonging to hegemonic groups has academic, scientific, legal and social relevance in the process of confronting racism and sexism, on the road to building a fairer, more isonomic and plural society