Banca de DEFESA: CINTHYA VALERIA NUNES MOTTA KOS

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : CINTHYA VALERIA NUNES MOTTA KOS
DATE: 04/10/2023
TIME: 15:00
LOCAL: Metapresencial através do link: meet.google.com/oku-zcxp-bda
TITLE:

Indigenous Peoples and the State: Protagonism, Human Rights and Ethnic Identity

KEY WORDS:

indigenous peoples; State; culture; social vulnerability; social change

PAGES: 369
BIG AREA: Ciências Humanas
AREA: Antropologia
SUMMARY:

This work has as its driving situation the execution of a project that I worked as an anthropologist, which involved several actors, with a focus, aiming to train the first ones, to act appropriately with the indigenous populations, at the same time guaranteeing human rights and differentiated attention. However, the actors involved often oscillated between conflicting perspectives. This duality was often perceived as antagonistic, highlighting a fundamental point of analysis: the clash between cultural relativism, interpreted as particularism, and Human Rights, understood as universalism. In this way, an attempt was made to understand the forms and means of interaction between the Pataxó people and the State and what is the potential for social and cultural change in this relationship, given the encounter and clashes of themes, models of conduct, logics that are reflections of different world visions. A scheme for carrying out the research was to start by historicizing this relationship and its different natures and impacts in the different phases of history, starting to focus on this type of interaction between the Pataxó and state institutions in contemporary times, narrowing down to the case of the aforementioned project, showing how the Pataxó claimed access to rights, identifying public policies as a possible tool to mitigate the social vulnerability that affect them, and also showing how they guided the design of the project to increase differentiated attention in the implementation phase of the social assistance policy at the municipal level. In this sense, there is a descriptive part of this moment, in which strategies were discussed among the participants to face persistent problems identified among and by the Pataxó, which are characteristic of a situation of social vulnerability, such as violence against women, child labor, and use and drug abuse. In the second moment of the research, we sought to find out about the consequences of the efforts committed to the project, with the execution of the redesign, as well as possible changes in the time interval between field research, in relation to the central themes of the project. In a feedback cycle, in addition to bibliographical research, elements were used to illustrate certain themes, such as content from journalism and social media. The set of analytical materials comprises field experiences during the years 2015-2016, plus field research carried out between 2019 and 2023, in which structured and semistructured interviews were arranged, and ethnographic monitoring of some situations and events. multisited form. As for the presence or not of the State in indigenous territorial contexts, we can, in a way, say that, despite being unwanted (and sometimes circumstantially depending on the rulers in charge) in some cases or for some aspects of these societies, the State is present in these situations. The state structure, perceived as inevitable, is now instrumentalized by the Pataxó, to claim means of mitigating State actions that are disadvantageous to indigenous peoples and that currently place them in a situation of social vulnerability. It is understood here that the State can guarantee rights in the same way that it can violate rights. A protagonism posture of the Pataxó was perceived, in the desire and struggle to occupy public spaces and instances of the State, understood as a way of guaranteeing rights and public policies. As for possible cultural changes, in the light of anthropology and studies of indigenous ethnology in Brazil, we can affirm that a culture as an open and dynamic system can be modified by external interference or internal concerns.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Externo à Instituição - CAIO GONÇALVES DIAS - UFRJ
Interno - ***.678.937-** - JOÃO PACHECO DE OLIVEIRA FILHO - UFRJ
Externa à Instituição - JUREMA MACHADO DE ANDRADE SOUZA - UFRB
Externo à Instituição - LUIS ROBERTO DE PAULA - UFABC
Presidente - 1726142 - MAY WADDINGTON TELLES RIBEIRO
Interno - 3025974 - PABLO ANTUNHA BARBOSA