Intra-urban Socio-environmental Vulnerability in Porto Seguro, Bahia: Analysis by Census Tracts.
Socio-environmental vulnerability; Spatial analysis; Porto Seguro; Census tracts; Urbanization.
Urban transformations expose populations to multiple risks in a scenario of climate change and increasingly recurrent extreme environmental events. Socio-environmental vulnerability (SEV), defined as the spatial overlap of people in situations of social vulnerability in areas subject to environmental risks, constitutes a phenomenon that demands integrated approaches for analysis and intervention. In the Brazilian context, cities such as Porto Seguro, characterized by intense tourist flow and significant historical value, present challenging patterns of territorial occupation due to the coexistence of areas with high real estate valorization and environmental protection areas, in addition to sectors characterized by precarious housing combined with exposure to environmental risks. Therefore, the general objective of this dissertation is to develop a Socio -Environmental Vulnerability Index (SEVI) to analyze spatial patterns of vulnerability in the headquarters district of Porto Seguro, Bahia, at the intra-urban scale by census tracts, using data from the 2010 IBGE Census. The research is structured in two complementary chapters that dialogue to build a comprehensive understanding of urban socio - environmental vulnerability. Chapter 1 presents a scientometric analysis of global scientific production on urban socio-environmental vulnerability from 2006 to 2024. Aiming to map the intellectual structure of this growing field and identify knowledge gaps, 91 articles indexed in Scopus and Web of Science databases were analyzed using the Bibliometrix package (R) and VOSviewer software. Results reveal significant growth in scientific production from 2018 onwards, with Brazil leading in publication volume (47% of the corpus), although showing limited internationalization. The analysis identifies eight main thematic clusters, evidencing important gaps such as weak articulation between socio-environmental vulnerability and themes like urban health, sustainable development, and rural-urban interfaces. Lotka's Law revealed high authorship fragmentation (94.30% of authors with only one publication), characterizing a scientific field in the consolidation process. Chapter 2 intends to develop and apply the SEVI through the integration of three dimensions: Environmental Exposure (proximity to watercourses, hydrological influence zone, and slope), Social Sensitivity (ten socioeconomic and housing indicators), and Adaptive Capacity (distance to urban center, distance to primary health unit, and road density). Indicators will be normalized using the min -max method and aggregated by simple average, following a matrix adapted from national and international studies. The analysis will be conducted in the 160 urban census tracts of the municipality's headquarters district. This analysis will enable the identification of spatial vulnerability patterns and priority areas for intervention. The research will contribute to the advancement of knowledge on urban socio-environmental vulnerability, offering a replicable methodological strategy through the SEVI and instruments to support municipal public management for evidence -based urban planning.